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Topology

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Topology is a layout of computers and devices in a Network. They are bus, star, mesh, ring, hybrid. Bus  • This layout connects devices to a main line called a backbone.  • This backbone can be a coaxial line or an Ethernet line. • The single cable, where all data is transmitted between devices, is referred to as the bus, backbone, or trunk. Star   • In a star network, every host is connected to a central hub. In its simplest form, one central hub acts as a conduit to transmit messages.  • A type of network topology in which every device in the network is individually connected to a central node, known as the switch or hub . Mesh  • Mesh topology is a type of network topology in which all devices in the network are interconnected. In a mesh topology, data can be transmitted by routing (sent the shortest distance) and flooding (sent to all devices).   Ring  each node connects to exactly two other nodes, forming a single continuous pathway for signa...
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cyber bullying and cyber etiquette

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cyber bullying Cyber bullying is bullying that takes place over digital devices like cell phones, computers, and tablets. Cyber bullying can occur through SMS, Text, and apps, or online in social media, forums, or gaming where people can view, participate in, or share content. Examples of cyber bullying • name-calling.... • threats....  • mean  comments a bout someone’s looks etc . Effects  • The effects of cyber bullying also include mental health issues, increased stress and anxiety, depression, acting out violently, and low self-esteem. Cyber bullying can also result in long-lasting emotional effects, even if the bullying has stopped.  • There can be physical effects as well. Intense feelings of stress and anxiety due to Cyber bullying can result in physical issues such as lack of sleep ( insomnia) and harmful eating patterns. Overcoming depression  • Don't withdraw from life. Socialising can improve your mood. Keeping in touch with friends and family means ...
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COMPUTER MONITORS

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 computer monitors  A computer monitor is an output device that displays information in pictorial or textual form.  A computer's monitor displays its user interface, desktop, and open programs.   TYPES OF COMPUTER MONITORS:  flat panel monitors:   T hese types of monitors are lightweight and take up less space. They consume less power as compared to CRT monitors. These monitors are more effective as they do not provide harmful radiatio n. ADVANTAGES OF A FLAT PANEL MONITOR:  Flat Panel Devices like LCD produces high-quality digital images. The monitor is stylish and has a very space-saving design.  Consumes less power and gives maximum image size in minimum space. DISADVANTAGES OF A FLAT PANEL MONITOR: T hey are very expensive compared to CRTs. They have very high refresh rates. Slow response times. touch screen monitors   It enables users to interact with the computer by using a finger or stylus instead of using a mouse or keyboard. Whe...
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PRINTERS (output devices)

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 What is a Printer? A printer is a device that accepts text and graphics output from a computer, and it transfers this information to paper, sheets. Printers can print any information that has been passed to them, whether it be Text, Numbers, or Images.   Types of printers: INKJET PRINTER T he most popular choice for  home printer   needs. These printers work by propelling droplets of ink onto paper, as opposed to  laser printers   that use toner and are designed mostly for high-volume printing in office settings. Inkjet printers offer the largest range of printing capabilities compared to any other type of printer. An inkjet printer can print photographs in high resolution on photo paper, pages of text on traditional paper, or labels and iron-on transfers on specialty stickers and paper.   ADVANTAGES OF AN INKJET PRINTER- Portability   All the inkjet printers are light weighted and plug-and-play kinds of devices. This makes them extremely po...
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